What are the concerns for pediatricians caring for babies that are rapid tested preliminary positive for HIV at delivery?

The rapid test is quite accurate in diagnosing possible HIV exposure in the infant. The infant should be treated with a weight-appropriate dose of zidovudine (AZT) as soon as possible and likely additional antiretroviral medications. Treatment of newborns exposed to HIV should continue until the birth parent's confirmatory HIV test result is available. See the Illinois Perinatal HIV Hotline’s Best Practices: Labor & Delivery Care for Pregnant People with HIV and Care of Infants with Perinatal Exposure to HIV for more detailed information.